A Man In The Middle Attack Computer Science Essay

A Man In The Middle Attack Computer Science Essay Today computer networks are used to transmit large amounts of data which may or may not contain sensitive information. Within this document I will be discussing ways in which your networks may become venerable to attacks. Man in the middle attacks, spanning tree attacks, security issues related to trunking, and security issues relating to identity spoofing. What is a Man in the middle attack? Man in the middle attack is a name given to a type of attack where the person intercepts communication being sent across a data network. This type of attack is also known as a Bucket-brigade attack, Fire brigade attack, Monkey-in-the-middle attack, Session hijacking, TCP hijacking, TCP session hijacking etc. Man in the middle attack is an attack that is usually performed on a internal network. Man in the middle attacks are where hackers introduce a rouge device onto the network then intercept communication between two network devices. This is done by sending out a series of ARP requests and ARP responses to two devices making them think that they are talking to each other. An example of a man in the middle attack would consist of two hosts, host one and host two. The hacker would connect a rouge device, host three, most likely on the same switch that both host one and two are connected to. Once that he is able to communicate on the network he would then send out ARP requests and responses to both host one and two making them believe that he is the other host. This will make host one and two re-route there connection through host three. once host one and host two are communicating between each other via the new connection established by host three, the hacker will now be able to capture packets sent between them. Once an attacker has performed a man in the middle attack, they can use this in a number of ways for example Public Key Exchanging, Command Injection, Malicious Code Injection, Downgrade Attacks etc. There are many tools available that network managers will use in order to monitor their networks. These tools can also be used from a hackers point of view as they allow the hacker to capture packets that are being sent across the network. This essentially allows the hacker to see what you are doing. The following tools are commonly used for capturing and analysing network traffic by an attacker WiresharkÂÂ ® is a network protocol analyzer. It lets you capture and interactively browse the traffic running on a computer network. It has a rich and powerful feature set and is world’s most popular tool of its kind. It runs on most computing platforms including Windows, OS X, Linux, and UNIX. Network professionals, security experts, developers, and educators around the world use it regularly. It is freely available as open source, and is released under the GNU General Public License version 2. http://wireshark.com Ettercap is a comprehensive suite for man in the middle attacks. It features sniffing of live connections, content filtering on the fly and many other interesting tricks. It supports active and passive dissection of many protocols and includes many features for network and host analysis.

Attitudes,values and job satisfaction Research Paper

Attitudes,values and job satisfaction - Research Paper Example This becomes a problem when the recruited personnel are unable to deliver on their mandate or bring the organization (Robins & Judge, 2013). Financial accounting, reporting and advising are perhaps the areas plagued the most by the problem of dishonesty. Accountants fabricate financial statements in bid to either cover up for the company money they have used on personal spending, or for money they want to rob the organization. On the other hand, audit firms are bought into covering up a company’s dishonest or fraudulent financial deals hence reporting inaccurate information to regulatory agencies and authorities such as Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Some financial advisers collude with organizations in influencing potential clients to join their investment deals even when they would have objectively advised against them. Dishonest financial accounting, reporting and advising can affect negatively on organizational attitudes (Wilson, 2004). Dishonesty has adverse effects on job satisfaction. Rationalization makes dishonest employees justify their dishonest conduct on a cost-benefit analysis. The rewards that come with dishonesty are short-lived and they haunt when the person enjoying realizes that these rewards would have gone into helping other deserving people. Additionally, dishonesty affects job satisfaction when a person in the workplace, especially one in a senior position, unfairly denies an employee some benefits and gives them to another person. This is what happens when promotion opportunities are given to people undeservedly and unequally. Employees are dissatisfied with their work when dishonest conduct brings strife and wrangles amongst them (Robins & Judge, 2013). An issue that contributes to the propagation of dishonesty in the workplace is the lack of elaborate oversight measures. When incumbents are not assessed for dishonesty, it leaves a leeway for them to flout an organization’s culture and values.

McClellands Theory of Needs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

McClellands Theory of Needs - Essay Example Furthermore the essay also includes the way in which this theory has impacted me in the process of motivating others in the workplace. It is already mentioned earlier that according to McClelland there are three different classes of needs – need for achievement, need for power and need for affiliation. Need for achievement is referred to the internal drive to excel. Such need is responsible for creating a tendency for setting moderately difficult goals which involve moderate risks. Furthermore this need results in a preference regarding situations where personal responsibility is associated with outcomes. Need for power, on the other side, is the need of making others behave in the way in which the person wants. This type of need generates a desire of influencing others and a tendency of advocating riskier positions. The last need is the need for affiliation that is referred to the desire for close and friendly relationships with the co-workers (Robbins & Judge, 2007). Such need is mainly responsible for making people like others. McClelland and all his associates who are involved in the research behind the development of such a crucial theory mainly focused on the first type of need – need for achievement. McClelland’s ‘needs theory’ is one of the most important motivating theories because it is one of those rare theories that are properly supported by extensive research. Furthermore the theory involves three of the most important aspects that are integrally related to the motivation of an individual in a particular organization. According to Charleston C. K. Wang, â€Å"McClelland was careful to note that there is not a one-to-one correspondence between a person’s needs and behavior† (Wang, 1993). It is also found that McClelland used to believe that most of the effective managers have high need for power and low need for affiliation.

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Classic Books(OUTLINE AND SPEECH) Greeting: Good Morning Sargent Womak, and class; today I will be talking to you guys for the next 5 minutes about Classical Books and how to get started on your own classical book. 1st Paragraph: History, idea of what is a classical book and what makes one up A classical book is considered an exemplary noteworthy book, either through a book award or the reader's personal opinion. The way the words come together to create an interesting story line and excellent reading flow, attribute to the book's exemplary excellence. What makes a "classical" book? Has troubled many author such as Mark Twain, all classical book have one thing in common and it is the pattern in the literature. The story line in most classical book reinterpret events of some sort, and possess the ability to renew the interest of generations of readers not only accomplishing it's creation, but also accomplishing the authors every dream, to have one of their books considered "Classical." The idea of a classical book, is literature that enriches th...

Children Therapy Vs Adult Therapy

Counseling children/adolescents can look very different than counseling adults due to many aspects. Adults have their way of life set In a way that Is hard to change as they get older, but kids are learning who they are and are more open to change. Children start their life depending on others as adults have learned how to live independently. Children and adolescents also cope with their hardships and do not realize that they need help as they have not learned who they can go to if they are having problems.Counseling children/adolescents need certain training and skills to each a level of success that we are looking for in a session. The way of thinking for an adult and a child are deferent in so many ways. The adult brain in adults is fully developed and they are set in their ways that can be hard for a counselor to change. It is hard to transform an adult person when they have gone their whole dealing with issues In a way that may be harmful to themselves or others. Adults have gon e their whole life learning who they can trust and who they cannot trust which makes It difficult for the counselor to gain that trust In an adult client.Children have an easier time trusting as It often takes Just a few minutes to open up to a counselor. Changes in the brain structure and function occur during childhood and adolescence (Henderson & Thompson, 2010). Since their brain is still developing they have not learned their way of handling certain emotions as mentioned in Jean Piglet's four stages of cognitive development. Counselors have to work In a different way when dealing with the thinking processes of adults versus children. Dependency changes to an independent frame of mind as a person gets older.Kids depend on their parents for the basic needs as stated in Measles hierarchy of needs which are physiological needs, safety needs, love and belonging, self-esteem, and self- actualization. These needs must be met for us to become self-actualization and reach our full poten tial In all areas of development (Henderson ; Thompson, 2010). Adults that did not meet the lower level of physiological needs such as food, shelter, water, and warmth, may not have met their higher order needs such as self-esteem or love and belonging.People that do not have their basic needs met when they ere younger, may have a hard time with their feelings about themselves or others later on in life. Adults realize that certain things in their lives are not going as they would like, so they wonder whether a counselor could help them. If they realize that they have a problem, they decide on their own to request a counseling session. Children however, never realize that they are having trouble and never think of asking their caregiver to request help for them.Children live with their issues, no matter how serious they may be, and they don't have the Ingenuity to go see a oneself. Instead, the parents or other people close to them notice something Is wrong. Counseling children that do not realize that they need help, makes It harder for the counselor to explain to the person why they are In the session. This can place. Adults usually go to counseling because they have made the choice to go there on their own. Having the client realize that they need help makes it easier on the counselor in the session, but this can come with some push back when dealing with children.Counseling children can come with some adversities which unsolder new to the profession may not be ready for and lack the skills needed to take on these challenges. I feel that building a solid foundation with a kid is important early on in their counseling experience and I would like to learn more about strategies and conversations that would help build that relationship. I have built great relationships with my students at school, but that did take some time which I will not have that much time in a counseling session.Having conversations about their troubles may be hard for a kid to put into wo rks or expressions, so I need o learn how to have a conversation with a child that allows expressing their feelings. I would also like training on the legal issues on what needs to be reported to certain agencies so that I know what to legally do in certain situations. Kids these days are getting their hands on drugs that are new developed each day and I would like training on drugs that I need to be aware of so that I am keeping up with the latest drugs that a client may be trying out. In conclusion, counseling children and adults have their differences.

Impact Of Internet On Our Intelligence - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 722 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/05/08 Category IT Essay Level High school Tags: Is Google Making Us Stupid Essay Did you like this example? In this written article titled Is Google Making Us Stupid the author Nicholas Carr states how the technology has impacted the lives of many humans making us to become lazy. It is so much easier to jump on google and find what you need. Nicholas Carr has really based his finding by the view of himself and the way it affected him. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Impact Of Internet On Our Intelligence" essay for you Create order He once enjoyed reading all types of articles for a long period of time before, he was introduced to the google allowing his thoughts to get caught up in the way the author was thinking. He stated within the years his brain has changed. He stated from his experiments he is finding that people do not want to read books because their focus is not there and their concentration has become very short to stay on tasks. People prefer to stay in comfort of their homes and complete work. I see Nicholas Carr point of view on how the use of searching online has changed the nature of ones brain when browsing. He gathered his finding data, pointing to his own experience and that of friends and acquaintances. He stated their difficulties with reading blogs, passages and even long books for several paragraphs. Didnt come across anything that Nicholas Carr refers to legitimate studies that go beyond a small group of people, all of which may have similar levels of education, career, family etc. Nicholas Carr compares the human brain to be like plastic. The nerves cells in the brain are the building blocks of the brain and nervous system and plasticity refers to the brains malleability. The brain plasticity is the ability of the brain to modify its connections or rewire itself. Without this ability the human brain would not be able to develop from infancy through to adulthood or recover from any brain injury that may accrue. Google was found in 1998. Before that time people would be proud of their own self-work and had the confidence to write. Now it is being used from all ages from elementary to college and even professional jobs. Nicholas Carr reminds us that people no longer must remember passages and facts because we have google planted in our back pockets. I believe that Google has enabled us as individuals to spend a lot more time in the creative process than in performing and reviewing aspects of research. Google has made it so easy for everyone around the world. With one click of a button, you can have access to anything you wish in most cases. Google has made it to where the use of going to the library is very rare because you can access the information from your home. Yes, I agree google has helped save time by not having to search for answers in hundreds or thousands of pages in newspapers and books. Carr reminds us all that todays technology has impacted our social and cultural behavior. Once personal computers and the Internet were introduced with online services like Google and Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and any other social sites users had immediate communications and the ability to spend their time to socialize. Today there are cell phones, I-pads, Kindles, and printers that can receive wireless Internet service. The human brain has adapted by learning how to incorporate cyberspace into our daily life and people continue to create and improve technology. For an example when ATT went down in the Dallas area some business where lost because they relayed on technology to run their business and somewhere, able to stay afloat by having a back up plan such a land line to help and setting up promise to pay with regular paying customers. I think Google has not make us stupid as Carr suggests in his article. It has made us lazier, because we do less reading, going to the library and being physical active. Information found on websites helps people become smarter and able to learn subjects easier in school. In the end, Carr never really provides scientific evidence that shows the brains circuitry having changed. In my opinion, the Internet has enhanced our abilities and increased our processing speeds for acquiring knowledge making the human brain more efficient in multitasking. The younger generation who are growing up with this new technology will expand even more in the future.

10 Fascinating Facts About Termites

Termites have been munching away on wood for millions of years. From the African termites that build mounds taller than men to the subterranean species that destroy homes, these social insects are fascinating creatures to study. Learn more about these decomposers. 1. Termites Are Good for Soil Termites are actually important decomposers. They break down tough plant fibers, recycling dead and decaying trees into new soil. These hungry insects are vital to the health of our forests. As they tunnel, termites also aerate and improve the soil. It just so happens that we build our homes from termite food — wood. 2. Termites Digest Cellulose With the Help of Microorganisms in Their Guts Termites feed on plants directly or on fungus growing on decaying plant material. In either case, they must be able to digest tough plant fibers, or cellulose. The termite gut is loaded with microorganisms capable of breaking down cellulose. This symbiosis benefits both the termites and the microorganisms living within their insect hosts. The termites house the bacteria and protozoa and harvest the wood. In return, the microorganisms digest the cellulose for the termites. 3. Termites Feed on Each Others Feces Termites arent born with all that bacteria in their gut. Before they can start the hard work of eating trees, termites must obtain a supply of microorganisms for their digestive tracts. They engage in a practice known as trophallaxis, or, in less scientific terms, they eat each others poop. Termites must also resupply themselves after they molt, so trophallaxis is a big part of life in the termite mound. 4. Termites Lived 130 Million Years Ago and Have Cockroach-Like Ancestors Termites, cockroaches, and mantids all share a common ancestor in an insect that crawled the Earth about 300 million years ago. Fossil records show the earliest termite specimen dates back to the Cretaceous period. A termite also holds the record for the oldest example of mutualism between organisms. A 100-million-year old termite with a ruptured abdomen was encased in amber, along with the protozoans that lived in its gut. 5. Termite Fathers Help Raise Their Young You wont find deadbeat dads in the termite mound. Unlike in bee colonies, where males die soon after mating, the termite kings stick around. After their nuptial flight, the termite king stays with his queen, fertilizing her eggs as needed. He also shares parental duties with the queen, helping her feed their young predigested food. 6. Termite Workers and Soldiers Are Almost Always Blind In almost all termite species, both the workers and soldiers in a given colony are blind. Since these industrious individuals spend their lives in the confines of the dark, damp nest, they have no need to develop functional eyes. Reproductive termites are the only termites that require eyesight since they must fly to find mates and new nest sites. 7. Termite Soldiers Sound the Alarm Termite soldiers form the worlds tiniest heavy metal mosh pit when danger comes to the nest. To sound the alarm, soldiers bang their heads against the gallery walls to send warning vibrations throughout the colony. 8. Chemical Cues Guide Most Communication in the Termite Colony Termites use pheromones — special chemical scents—to talk to one another and control each others behavior. Termites leave scent trails to guide other workers using special glands on their chests. Each colony produces a distinct scent, identified by a chemical on their cuticles. In some species, the queen can even control the growth and role of her young by feeding them her pheromone-laden poop. 9. New Kings and Queens Can Fly New reproductive termites are winged so they can fly. These young kings and queens, called alates, leave their home colony and fly out in search of a mate, often in large swarms. Each royal pair of king and queen emerges from the swarm together and finds a new place to start a new colony. They break their wings off and settle down in their new home to raise their offspring. 10. Termites Are Well-Groomed You wouldnt think an insect that spends its time in the dirt would be so fastidious about its grooming, but termites make an effort to stay clean. Termites spend a great deal of time grooming each other. Their good hygiene is important to their survival, as it keeps parasites and harmful bacteria under control within the colony.